STRUKTURALISM

Structuralism is a system of ideas used in the study of language, literature, art, anthropology and sociology, which emphasizes the importance of the basic structures and relationships of that particular subject. In this case, it focuses on the study of structuralism theory in literature especially in literary work.

            

Structuralism is used to analyze the relationship between one element with other element in a literary work. In the structural studies, the analysis focuses on the developer elements of literary work itself (what the moral value is, who the characters are, when and where the events in the texts happened, etc.), without considering the external elements of literature, including the reader, author biography and social background.

This analysis is not only limited to analyzing the intrinsic elements but also more important is the linking relationships among elements.

This theory developed in France between 1950 and 1960 begin with the work of Ferdinand de Saussure. The pioneers of structuralism are Aristoteles, Ferdinand de Saussure, Claude Levi-Strauss, and formalist (Jacobson, Shklovsky, Erchenbaum, and Tynjanov).